If you want to transport lithium-ion batteries, you will quickly end up with a battery container. But is such a container actually suitable for transport? And what legal and regulatory requirements must you meet? Spoiler: not every storage container can simply be taken on the road.

In this blog, we delve into the question of whether a battery container is suitable for transporting lithium-ion batteries. We discuss the applicable ADR guidelines, the differences between storage and transport, and when a container meets the requirements to be used as a safe means of transport. You'll also find out what companies need to consider if they want to use batteries mobile or move them between locations.

What is the difference between storage and transport?

Storage and transport may seem like two sides of the same coin, but legally and technically, they are completely different worlds. A container for storage of lithium-ion batteries must meet fire safety requirements, as described in PGS 37-1. A container for transport, on the other hand, is subject to the ADR agreement (European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road).

In storage, safety at the location is central: ventilation, smoke detection, compartmentalization, and fire extinguishing systems. Transport mainly focuses on anchoring systems, documentation, markings, and safety in case of incidents on the way.

A battery container designed for stationary storage, therefore, cannot automatically serve as a means of transport – unless it is specifically ADR certified. This makes it essential to determine in advance what the container is going to be used for.

When does a battery container comply with ADR legislation?

ADR (Accord Dangereux Routier) sets out requirements for the transport of dangerous goods – including lithium-ion batteries. If you want to transport batteries legally and safely in a container, it must meet specific conditions.

Key ADR criteria for a battery container:

• The container must be mechanically solid and resistant to shocks and vibrations.

• Lithium-ion batteries must be transported in UN-approved packaging.

• There must be clear labeling: UN number (e.g., UN3480), hazard class 9, and corresponding warning stickers.

• The container must have appropriate extinguishing agents (such as powder extinguishers).

• A transport document must be present with information about substances, weight, hazard class, and route information.

• The vehicle must be ADR approved and operated by a driver with ADR certification.

A standard storage container therefore rarely automatically meets these requirements. If you want to facilitate transport, you need a specially adapted container or additional measures.

For which scenarios is a transport-suitable battery container relevant?

Not every company needs to transport batteries, but in certain sectors, it is the daily reality. Think of rental companies, mobile energy solutions, events, the construction sector, or installers of large-scale solar parks.

Applications where an ADR-compliant battery container is required:

• Delivery of mobile battery systems to construction sites

• Moving used batteries to recycling locations

• Distribution of temporary power supply for festivals or events

• International delivery of battery modules

• Mobile charging plazas built on location

In these cases, it is crucial that both the container and the logistics comply with legislation – to avoid fines, delays, or safety incidents.

What are the risks of non-compliant transport?

Transporting lithium-ion batteries without the right precautions is not only illegal but also dangerous. The risks range from fire and explosion hazard to environmental damage and legal liability in case of accidents.

Some consequences of incorrect transport:

• High fines upon inspection by ILT or customs

• Delay at border crossings

• Seizure of goods

• Exclusion of insurance in case of damage

• Liability in case of accidents or injury

Therefore, it is important to look not only at the container itself but also at the entire transport chain: from packaging to route and from permit to driver.

Is a combination of storage and transport possible?

Yes, some manufacturers offer hybrid battery containers that are certified for both stationary storage and safe transport. These are often more compact, equipped with sturdy fastening systems, integrated monitoring, and ADR-compliant packaging material.

If you want to be able to switch flexibly between storage and transport, this type of container is ideal. Be sure to consider:

• Weight and dimensions in relation to transportation means

• Maximum load capacity of the trailer

• National vs international regulations

Always seek advice from a knowledgeable party, such as a supplier who guides both PGS 37-1 and ADR processes.

Frequently asked questions about the transport of lithium-ion batteries

Can I use a standard battery container for transport?
No, only containers that meet ADR requirements may be used for transport.

Is an ADR certificate mandatory for internal transport on own premises?
Not always. On closed premises, sometimes milder rules apply, but safety remains important.

Are lithium-ion batteries always ADR classified?
Yes, they fall under hazard class 9 and require specific handling during transport.

What is the difference between UN3480 and UN3481?
UN3480 is for loose batteries, UN3481 for batteries packed in or with equipment.

Does a driver need an ADR certificate?
Yes, it is mandatory for transporting dangerous goods above certain thresholds.

How many lithium batteries can I transport without ADR?
It depends on the total watt-hour capacity and packaging type. There are exemption limits.

Can I have a used battery container certified for ADR?
In theory, yes, but that requires modifications and a complete re-assessment.