A battery container is not an ordinary storage solution. It involves safely storing energy storage systems, such as lithium-ion batteries, which can pose serious risks if mishandled or inadequately secured. Think of short circuits, overheating, or even thermal runaway—a chain reaction where batteries spontaneously catch fire. Therefore, fire extinguishing facilities in these types of containers are not only desirable but legally required and technically necessary.

In this blog, we explain which fire extinguishing facilities are mandatory, which guidelines you need to follow, and how to ensure your installation complies with the latest laws and regulations. This way, as a company or organization, you make a safe and responsible choice, complying with the highest fire safety standards.

Why are extinguishing systems crucial in battery storage?

Lithium-ion batteries behave unpredictably under heat or mechanical damage. In an enclosed space like a battery container, this can have catastrophic consequences. Therefore, European and Dutch guidelines set specific requirements for extinguishing fires in this type of storage.

A good extinguishing system has multiple functions:

• Early detection of smoke or heat

• Automatic activation of the extinguishing system

• Prevention of re-ignition after an incident

• Minimal damage to equipment through controlled extinguishing methods

Without these systems, you risk not only damage but also legal consequences. Consider liability in case of fire, halting business processes, and even potential fines for non-compliance with regulations.

Which fire extinguishing systems are allowed in a battery container?

Not every extinguishing system is suitable for a battery container. Water, for example, is not an option for lithium-ion batteries due to the chemical reaction that can occur. Therefore, you often see the following systems:

• Aerosol extinguishing systems – Very effective in suppressing fire in enclosed spaces without water damage.

• Inert gas systems (such as argon or nitrogen) – Oxygen is removed from the space to suffocate the fire.

• Thermal detection systems – Automatically activate an extinguishing mechanism once a certain temperature is exceeded.

• Fixed CO₂ installations - An older system that is sometimes still used, but increasingly being replaced due to health risks.

The choice you make depends on the construction of the container, the type of battery, and the installation location.

What does the law say about fire extinguishing facilities in battery containers?

Dutch legislation often refers to the PGS 37-1 guideline (Publication Series of Hazardous Substances), which describes how to handle the storage of lithium-ion batteries safely.

According to this guideline, the following are mandatory:

• An automatic extinguishing system suitable for lithium fire classes

• Flame-retardant insulation and compartmentalization

• Active temperature monitoring

• Oxygen supply blocking system in case of fire

Additionally, local safety regions may set additional requirements. Therefore, it is important to always consult with your fire department region or safety advisor.

What additional measures are smart (and often mandatory)?

In addition to installing fire extinguishing facilities, many safety agencies also recommend additional preventive measures. Consider:

• Emergency stop switches outside the container

• Fire-resistant access points with smoke detection

• Automatic alarm systems connected to control rooms

• Evacuation plans and staff training

Some of these measures are mandatory for large battery containers or installations (>100 kWh) under the Working Conditions Act and the Building Decree.

What role does design and placement play in fire safety?

The way a battery container is designed and placed directly impacts fire safety. For instance, containers should:

• Be placed at a sufficient distance from buildings or public spaces

• Be equipped with ventilation or smoke exhaust

• Be accessible to emergency services (24/7)

A well-designed battery container already considers extinguishing facilities, compartmentalization, and evacuation procedures during construction.

Frequently asked questions about fire safety in battery containers

Does every battery container need an extinguishing system?
Yes, according to the PGS 37-1, an automated extinguishing system is mandatory in virtually every container with lithium-ion batteries.

Is CO₂ still allowed as an extinguishing agent?
In some cases, yes, but it is becoming less common due to health risks and limited effectiveness in lithium fires.

What does a fire extinguishing system for a battery container cost?
This depends on the size, the chosen system, and installation requirements, but expect an investment between €5,000 and €25,000.

Are there subsidies for fire-safe battery storage?
Yes, the RVO offers opportunities for subsidy through schemes such as the EIA (Energy Investment Deduction) for sustainable and safe energy storage.

Can you have a battery container inspected yourself?
You can prepare yourself, but the inspection must always be carried out by a certified inspector or safety authority.

Do you need to have the container checked annually?
Yes, annual inspection of the extinguishing system and general fire safety is strongly recommended and in some situations mandatory.