A battery container is not an ordinary storage solution. It involves the safe keeping of energy storage systems, such as lithium-ion batteries, which pose serious risks when mishandled or inadequately secured. Consider short-circuits, overheating, or even thermal runaway – a chain reaction where batteries spontaneously catch fire. Therefore, fire extinguishing provisions in these types of containers are not only desirable but legally required and technically necessary.

In this blog, we explain which fire extinguishing provisions are mandatory, which guidelines you must follow, and how to ensure your installation complies with the latest laws and regulations. Thus, as a company or organization, you can make a safe and responsible choice, meeting the highest fire safety standards.

Why are extinguishing systems crucial in battery storage?

Lithium-ion batteries behave unpredictably under heat or mechanical damage. In a confined space such as a battery container, this can have catastrophic consequences. Therefore, European and Dutch guidelines impose specific requirements for extinguishing fires in this type of storage.

A good extinguishing system has multiple functions:

• Early detection of smoke or heat

• Automatic activation of the extinguishing system

• Prevention of re-ignition after an incident

• Minimal damage to equipment through controlled extinguishing methods

Without these systems, you are not only at risk of damage but also of legal consequences. Consider liability in case of fire, halting business processes, and even fines for failing to comply with guidelines.

Which fire extinguishing systems are allowed in a battery container?

Not every extinguishing system is suitable for a battery container. For example, water is not an option for lithium-ion batteries due to the chemical reaction that can occur. Therefore, you often see the following systems:

• Aerosol extinguishing systems – Very effective at suppressing fires in confined spaces without water damage.

• Inert gas systems (such as argon or nitrogen) – Oxygen is removed from the space to smother the fire.

• Thermal detection systems – Automatically activate an extinguishing mechanism once a certain temperature is exceeded.

• Fixed CO₂ installations – An older system that is sometimes still used but increasingly replaced due to health risks.

Your choice depends on the construction of the container, the type of battery, and the installation location.

What does the law say about fire extinguishing provisions in battery containers?

In many cases, Dutch legislation refers to the PGS 37-1 guideline (Publication Series on Hazardous Substances), which describes how to safely handle the storage of lithium-ion batteries.

According to this guideline, the following are mandatory:

• An automatic extinguishing system suitable for lithium fire classes

• Flame-retardant insulation and compartmentalization

• Active temperature monitoring

• Blocking system for oxygen supply in case of fire

Additionally, local safety regions may impose additional requirements. Therefore, it is essential always to consult with your fire brigade region or safety advisor.

What additional measures are smart (and often mandatory)?

Besides installing fire extinguishing provisions, many safety agencies also recommend additional preventive measures, such as:

• Emergency stop switches outside the container

• Fire-resistant access points with smoke detection

• Automatic alarming linked to control rooms

• Evacuation plans and staff training

Some of these measures are mandatory for large battery containers or installations (>100 kWh) under the Working Conditions Act and Building Regulations.

What role do design and placement play in fire safety?

The way a battery container is designed and placed directly influences fire safety. Containers should be:

• Placed at a suitable distance from buildings or public spaces

• Equipped with ventilation or smoke extraction

• Accessible to emergency services (24/7)

A well-designed battery container considers fire extinguishing provisions, compartmentalization, and evacuation procedures right from the construction phase.

Frequently asked questions about fire safety in battery containers

Does every battery container need to have an extinguishing system?
Yes, according to PGS 37-1, an automated extinguishing system is mandatory in almost every container with lithium-ion batteries.

Is CO₂ still allowed as an extinguishing agent?
In some cases, yes, but it is increasingly less common due to health risks and limited effectiveness in lithium fires.

What does an extinguishing system for a battery container cost?
This depends on the size, chosen system, and installation requirements, but expect an investment between €5,000 and €25,000.

Are there subsidies for fire-safe battery storage?
Yes, the RVO often offers opportunities for subsidies for sustainable and safe energy storage through schemes like the EIA (Energy Investment Allowance).

Can you have a battery container inspected yourself?
You can handle the preparation yourself, but the inspection must always be carried out by a certified inspector or safety agency.

Do you need to have the container checked annually?
Yes, annual inspection of the extinguishing system and overall fire safety is strongly recommended and, in some situations, mandatory.