A battery container is not a standard storage solution. It involves the safe storage of energy storage systems, such as lithium-ion batteries, which can pose serious risks if handled incorrectly or insufficiently protected. Think of short circuits, overheating, or even thermal runaway—a chain reaction in which batteries ignite spontaneously. That is why fire suppression provisions in these types of containers are not only advisable, but legally required and technically necessary.

In this blog, we explain which fire suppression provisions are mandatory, which guidelines you need to follow, and how to ensure your installation complies with the latest laws and regulations. This enables your company or organization to make a safe and responsible choice while meeting the highest fire safety standards.

Why are suppression systems crucial for battery storage?

Lithium-ion batteries behave unpredictably under heat or mechanical damage. In an enclosed space such as a battery container, this can have catastrophic consequences. That is why both European and Dutch guidelines set specific requirements for extinguishing fires in this type of storage.

A good suppression system serves multiple functions:

• Early detection of smoke or heat

• Automatic activation of the suppression system

• Prevention of re-ignition after an incident

• Minimal equipment damage through controlled suppression methods

Without these systems, you face not only damage risks but also legal consequences. This includes liability in the event of fire, shutdown of business processes, and potentially fines for non-compliance with guidelines.

Which fire suppression systems are permitted in a battery container?

Not every suppression system is suitable for a battery container. Water, for example, is not an option for lithium-ion batteries because of the chemical reaction that may occur. That is why you often see the following systems:

• Aerosol suppression systems – Highly effective at suppressing fire in enclosed spaces without water damage.

• Inert gas systems (such as argon or nitrogen) – Oxygen is removed from the space to suffocate the fire.

• Thermal detection systems – Automatically activate a suppression mechanism once a certain temperature is exceeded.

• Fixed CO₂ installations – An older system that is still used in some cases, but increasingly replaced due to health risks.

Your choice depends on the container design, battery type, and installation location.

What does the law say about fire suppression provisions in battery containers?

Dutch legislation often refers to the PGS 37-1 guideline (Publicatiereeks Gevaarlijke Stoffen), which describes how to handle lithium-ion battery storage safely.

According to this guideline, requirements include:

• An automatic suppression system suitable for lithium fire classes

• Flame-retardant insulation and compartmentalization

• Active temperature monitoring

• An oxygen supply shut-off system in case of fire

In addition, local safety regions may impose supplementary requirements. It is therefore important to always consult your fire service region or safety advisor.

Which additional measures are sensible (and often mandatory)?

In addition to installing suppression provisions, many safety authorities also recommend supplementary preventive measures. For example:

• Emergency stop switches outside the container

• Fire-resistant access points with smoke detection

• Automatic alarm notification linked to control rooms

• Evacuation plans and staff training

Some of these measures are mandatory for large battery containers or installations (>100 kWh) under the Working Conditions Act and the Building Decree.

What role do design and placement play in fire safety?

The way a battery container is designed and placed has a direct impact on fire safety. For example, containers must:

• Be placed at a sufficient distance from buildings or public spaces

• Be equipped with ventilation or smoke extraction

• Be accessible to emergency services (24/7)

A well-designed battery container therefore already takes suppression provisions, compartmentalization, and evacuation procedures into account during construction.

Frequently asked questions about fire safety in battery containers

Does every battery container need a suppression system?
Yes, according to PGS 37-1, an automated suppression system is mandatory for virtually every container with lithium-ion batteries.

Is CO₂ still permitted as a suppression agent?
In some cases yes, but it is becoming less common due to health risks and limited effectiveness in lithium fires.

What does a suppression system for a battery container cost?
This depends on size, the selected system, and installation requirements, but expect an investment between €5,000 and €25,000.

Are there subsidies for fire-safe battery storage?
Yes, through schemes such as the EIA (Energy Investment Allowance), the RVO often offers subsidy opportunities for sustainable and safe energy storage.

Can you arrange inspection of a battery container yourself?
You can handle the preparation yourself, but the inspection must always be carried out by a certified inspector or safety authority.

Do you need to have the container inspected annually?
Yes, annual inspection of the suppression system and general fire safety is strongly recommended and mandatory in some situations.